Half of America earns less than $50,980 a year.

Twenty-two jobs pay well above that line. Five of them cost nothing at all to get into, because the industry pays you while it trains you. Every figure here comes from the federal government's own surveys, and the sources are listed at the end.

So what do these actually pay?

This is the middle of each job. Half the people doing it earn more than this, half earn less. The colour tells you how they got in, and the dashed line is where the rest of the country sits.

But that middle hides a lot

Take any one job and the spread is wide. The pale bar runs from the lowest tenth to the highest, and the solid part is the middle half, which is where most people actually sit. Someone starting out is near the left end of it.

What does it cost to get in?

This is what you pay to reach the starting line. Two of them run the other way and pay you instead.

An elevator apprentice earns 40 to 50 percent of journeyman scale from the first morning, and climbs every year after that. A trainee at the FAA Academy is on the federal payroll at $22.61 an hour while learning. Neither one borrows a dollar to do it.

How soon do you start earning?

Counted in months, from the day you start to the day the work starts paying you. For three of them that gap is zero, which changes what you can afford to attempt.

Which of these are growing?

How much bigger each job gets between 2025 and 2035. Worth knowing, though a job growing slowly can still have plenty of openings, because people retire out of it faster than the total changes.

649,300

Openings a year in construction and extraction. Most of them are not new jobs, they are people leaving.

349,000

More construction workers the industry says it needs to hire this year alone.

3.8M

Manufacturing jobs to fill by 2033. Around half are expected to go unfilled.

Could any of this make you a millionaire?

Years of saving to reach a million dollars, at three different savings rates. It assumes about 72 percent of the wage reaches your hand and 7 percent a year in return after inflation. Change either one and the numbers move, but the shape of it does not.

Where this gets harder

A median is not a promise

Half of everyone doing the job earns less than the figure shown. Someone new starts near the bottom of the range, not the middle of it.

Some of this work is dangerous

Power-line workers died on the job at a rate of 19 to 24 per 100,000 across 2011 to 2015. For all American workers the rate was 3.3 to 3.5. That gap is part of the wage.

The doors are not always open

Apprenticeships recruit in windows, often once every two years, and close as soon as the list is full. Nobody writes to tell you one opened. See which elevator apprenticeships are taking applications.

But the people who finish stay

The Labor Department puts it plainly: 94 percent of people who complete a registered apprenticeship are still employed afterwards, on an average salary of $84,000.

Nobody advertises these jobs, because nobody needs your tuition to run them. That is the only reason you hadn't seen this page before.